The comparison of executive functions of inhibition, updating and shifting in children with ADHD and SCT

This study aimed to compare was to compare the executive functions of inhibition, updating, and shifting in children with Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo. The design of the present study was in the frame of Casual Comparative. Participants comprised 60 boys (30 ADHD and 30 SCT) from 4th-grade elementary schools in Tabriz in 1398-1399 academic years, which were selected through a screening method using the Child Behavior Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) and the SCT scale. Then, Stroop, memory retention, and plus-minus tests were performed on samples to measure inhibition, updating, and shifting. Manova was used to data analysis via SPSS20. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups in executive functions of inhibition, updating, and shifting (P<0.0001). Moreover, Anova and means of the two groups showed that children with ADHD have deficits in inhibition, and children with SCT have gaps in updating and shifting. Based on the research Background and the findings of this study, it seems that SCT strongly associated with abnormal activity in posterior networks related to impaired updating and shifting and ADHD related to unusual activity in frontal-parietal systems related to impaired inhibition.